Telescopes...Telescopes have always been one of the most greatest friends.And when it comes to Telescopes the first thing that comes to one's mind is "The Hubble Space Telescope ".
The Hubble Space Telescope is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990, and remains in operation. With a 2.4-meter mirror, Hubble's four main instruments observe in the near ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared spectra.(A bit of Wikipedia Stuff)...

Advancements of Hubble Telescope

When scientists came across The Big Bang Theory they had this big idea of Expanding Universe.According to this idea,Scientists predicted that our universe is still growing bigger and bigger.All the celestial bodies-the stars from the constellation and the galaxies are still moving apart from each others.Some famous constellations that are still seen from the religious point of view would not be the same like they are today.Rather The Big Dipper from 10 thousand years from now would look more like a Ladies Heel Sandals.

Constellations-Then and Now

Edwin Hubble with his telescopic obseervations confirmed these predictions and finally in 1929 wrote his observations in 'expansion del universo'.This was a revolutionary discovery and he was awarded as Legion of Merit for outstanding contribution to ballistics research in 1946.

In a new study, a team of researchers led by Adam Riess of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, report that they've calculated how fast the universe is expanding to a greater degree of accuracy than ever before, shrinking the error bars on their measurements by about 30 percent.

Hubble telescope measures the universe

The improved accuracy comes thanks to the Wide Field Camera 3 on theHubble Space Telescope. It's a new instrument that was only installed on the orbiting observatory in 2009, during NASA's last space shuttle mission to upgrade the space telescope.

"Without the improvement in efficiency capability from the new camera, it just wouldn’t have been feasible," Riess told SPACE.com Monday (March 14). "It's just a different generation of technology than the previous camera."

From Big Bang to Expanding Universe

The researchers used the new camera to observe a special class of exploding stars called type 1a supernovas, which are useful because they always release the same amount of light. Astronomers compare this intrinsic brightness to their measured brightness — which varies depending on how far away from Earth they are — to judge cosmic distances.

The new measurements confirm astronomers' growing consensus that the universe is not only expanding like a balloon, but picking up speed in doing so.

Based on our current laws of gravity —namely, Einstein's theory of general relativity — that's unexpected. To explain this surprising reality, scientists came up with dark energy, which would counteract the force of gravity that tries to pull the universe inward. But to date, dark energy has remained undetectable to astronomers.

Image of galaxy taken by Hubble telescope

Okay...In between 2nd paragraph,as some of you'all must be thinking as i mentioned that the big dipper and other constellations which are related to Mythological stories were not like the same earlier....What?Yea well that's a topic for some other day...and also the dark energy,thañx for reading.

We are all very familiar with this poem-

"Twinkle Twinkle Little Star,

How i wonder what you are".

But have you ever really tried to wonder what they really are and what is the reason behind their twinkle?If not here's what it means.

Firstly know that it is just an effect and not some true phenomena that really occurs.There are lots of factors that are responsible for its twinkling effect.The first factor is 'The Distance'.Understand that the distance between earth and the stars are of 100's and 1000's of light years(means that light from that star takes 100 years to reach to the earth).Between this distance are many other celestial bodies.So a particle of light(photon) has to really struggle to reach earth.And when it finally reaches our earth,it enters into our atmosphere where it interacts with many gas particles.Well here's the time for me to introduce you'll to a phenomena which light undergoes-Refraction.Now many of you must know this phenomena and a similar phenomena known as Reflection but...So this is what happens,when the light travels from a rarer(Space Time) to denser(earth's atmosphere)it changes its path or bends or refract form it's own path.This process continues for every photon and we see a twinkling effect.

Now some of you may think about our Sun,after all it is a star too...Well you are right this happens with our sun too.The consequence of refraction on our Sun can be seen at early mornings or late evenings.Due to refraction their is 2 minute early and delay in the sunrise or sunset.This means that we are able to see Sun 2 minutes before the actual sunrise.Cool huh???

After reading this article some of you may realize that between 2nd paragraph we have used a term'bending of light!!!'.Wait WHAAAT???BENDING!Yes light does bend but thats a topic for some other time.Thanks for Reading.....